Data Science and Analytics
Relevant Coursework:
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CSCE 1030 - Computer Science I
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CSCE 1040 - Computer Science II
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CSCE 2100 - Foundations of Computing
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CSCE 2110 - Foundations of Data Structures
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CSCE 2610 - Assembly Language and Computer Organization (important for understanding low-level data handling)
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CSCE 3110 - Data Structures and Algorithms
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CSCE 3444 - Software Engineering
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CSCE 3600 - Principles of Systems Programming
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CSCE 3550 - Foundations of Cybersecurity (relevant for data privacy and protection)
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MATH 1780 - Probability Models or MATH 3680 - Applied Statistics (essential for data science roles)
Recommended Electives:
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Database Systems: Learn advanced SQL and data warehousing concepts.
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Artificial Intelligence: Explore machine learning, deep learning, and AI tools.
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Big Data Technologies: Understand frameworks like Hadoop, Spark, and cloud computing platforms.
Median Total Comp: (will be updated with resources)
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Data Scientist: $120,000 - $130,000 annually
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Data Analyst: $65,000 - $75,000 annually
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Business Intelligence Analyst: $75,000 - $85,000 annually
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Machine Learning Engineer: $110,000 - $130,000 annually
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Big Data Engineer: $120,000 - $130,000 annually
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Data Engineer: $100,000 - $120,000 annually
Top Tech Companies:
Google, Amazon, Facebook (Meta), Microsoft, IBM, Apple, Netflix, LinkedIn, Uber, Airbnb
Data Scientist
Programming Languages:
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Proficiency in programming languages commonly used in data science: Python (with libraries like NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, Seaborn), R.
Data Manipulation and Cleaning:
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Ability to clean and preprocess raw data for analysis.
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Handling missing data, outliers, and data transformations.
Data Exploration and Visualization:
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Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) techniques.
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Visualization tools and libraries (e.g., Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly).
Statistics and Mathematics:
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Solid understanding of statistical concepts and methods.
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Knowledge of probability theory.
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Hypothesis testing and statistical inference.
Machine Learning:
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Understanding of machine learning algorithms and models.
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Supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
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Implementing models using scikit-learn, TensorFlow, or PyTorch.
Feature Engineering:
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Creating relevant features from raw data.
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Dimensionality reduction techniques (e.g., PCA).
Data Modeling and Evaluation:
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Model selection and evaluation metrics.
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Cross-validation techniques.
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Hyperparameter tuning.
Big Data Technologies:
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Familiarity with big data tools and frameworks: Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark.
Database and SQL:
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Working with databases and writing SQL queries.
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Understanding relational database concepts.
Data Warehousing:
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Knowledge of data warehousing concepts and technologies.
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Familiarity with tools like Amazon Redshift, Google BigQuery.
Data Ethics and Privacy:
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Awareness of ethical considerations in data science.
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Complying with privacy regulations and best practices.
Domain Knowledge:
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Understanding the domain or industry-specific context.
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Collaborating with domain experts for meaningful insights.
Communication and Visualization:
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Effective communication of data findings to non-technical stakeholders.
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Creating dashboards and reports for visualization.
Version Control/Git:
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Proficiency in using version control systems (e.g., Git) for collaborative work.
Cloud Platforms:
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Familiarity with cloud platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) for scalable and distributed computing.
Natural Language Processing (NLP):
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Understanding of NLP for text data analysis.
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Implementing NLP techniques using libraries like NLTK or spaCy.
Time Series Analysis:
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Analyzing and modeling time-series data.
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Forecasting techniques.
Continuous Learning:
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Staying updated with the latest developments in data science.
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Engaging with the data science community, attending conferences, and participating in online forums.
Data Analyst
Excel/Spreadsheet Skills:
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Proficiency in spreadsheet tools, especially Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets.
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Data manipulation, sorting, filtering, and basic formula usage.
SQL (Structured Query Language):
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Ability to write SQL queries for data extraction and manipulation.
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Understanding of relational databases and basic database concepts.
Data Cleaning and Preprocessing:
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Cleaning and preprocessing raw data.
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Handling missing data and outliers.
Data Visualization:
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Creating visualizations using tools like Excel charts and graphs, data visualization libraries (e.g., Matplotlib, Seaborn, Tableau).
Statistical Analysis:
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Understanding basic statistical concepts.
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Descriptive statistics and summary metrics.
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA):
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Techniques for exploring and understanding datasets.
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Generating insights from visualizations and summary statistics.
Data Analysis Tools:
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Familiarity with statistical analysis tools like R or Python (using libraries like Pandas).
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Basic scripting and automation for repetitive tasks.
Data Interpretation:
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Drawing conclusions and making recommendations based on data analysis.
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Storytelling with data to effectively communicate findings.
Critical Thinking:
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Developing a critical mindset for evaluating data and drawing meaningful insights.
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Identifying patterns and trends in data.
Business Acumen:
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Understanding the business context and goals.
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Aligning data analysis with business objectives.
Data Warehousing:
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Familiarity with data warehousing concepts.
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Understanding of data extraction, transformation, and loading (ETL) processes.
Version Control/Git:
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Proficiency in using version control systems (e.g., Git) for collaborative work.
Microsoft Power BI or Tableau:
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Basic knowledge of visualization tools for creating interactive dashboards.
Basic Programming Skills:
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Familiarity with basic programming concepts (e.g., loops, conditional statements).
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Scripting languages like Python or R for data manipulation.
Cloud Platforms:
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Understanding of cloud platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) for data storage and analysis.
Communication Skills:
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Effective communication of data findings to both technical and non-technical audiences.
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Writing clear and concise reports.
Time Management:
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Efficiently managing time and prioritizing tasks for timely delivery of analyses.
Continuous Learning:
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Staying updated with the latest tools and techniques in data analysis.
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Engaging with the data analysis community, participating in online courses, and attending relevant workshops.
Business Intelligence Analyst
Data Warehousing Concepts:
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Understanding the principles of data warehousing.
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Knowledge of star schema, snowflake schema, and ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) processes.
SQL (Structured Query Language):
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Proficiency in SQL for querying and manipulating data.
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Ability to write complex queries for data extraction.
Data Modeling:
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Designing and implementing data models for reporting and analysis.
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Dimensional modeling for business intelligence.
Business Intelligence Tools:
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Familiarity with BI tools like Tableau, Microsoft Power BI, QlikView, Looker, SAP BusinessObjects.
Data Visualization:
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Creating meaningful visualizations for data analysis and reporting.
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Understanding best practices in data visualization.
Report Development:
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Developing reports and dashboards to convey insights to stakeholders.
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Automation of recurring reports.
Dashboard Design:
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Designing interactive and user-friendly dashboards.
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Understanding user experience (UI/UX) principles.
Data Analysis:
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Analyzing data trends and patterns to provide actionable insights.
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Identifying key performance indicators (KPIs) for business measurement.
Statistical Analysis:
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Basic statistical knowledge for analyzing trends and making predictions.
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Descriptive and inferential statistics.
Business Acumen:
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Understanding business processes and objectives.
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Aligning BI solutions with business goals.
Data Governance:
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Knowledge of data governance principles and practices.
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Ensuring data quality and integrity.
Data Security:
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Understanding data security and privacy considerations.
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Implementing access controls and encryption where necessary.
Database Management:
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Understanding of databases and data storage systems.
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Familiarity with both relational and non-relational databases.
Collaboration and Communication:
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Collaborating with various teams, including IT, business users, and executives.
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Communicating findings and insights effectively.
Scripting/Programming Skills:
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Basic scripting or programming skills for data manipulation (e.g., Python, R).
Project Management:
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Managing BI projects efficiently.
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Meeting deadlines and delivering results.
Continuous Learning:
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Staying updated with the latest BI tools, techniques, and trends.
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Participating in relevant courses, conferences, and industry forums.
Data Integration:
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Integrating data from various sources for comprehensive analysis.
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Working with APIs and data connectors.
Time Management:
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Efficiently managing time to meet reporting deadlines and project milestones.
Machine Learning Engineer
Programming Languages:
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Proficiency in programming languages, particularly Python (with libraries such as NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, and Scikit-learn), R for statistical analysis (optional).
Mathematics and Statistics:
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Solid understanding of mathematical concepts, including linear algebra, calculus, and probability theory.
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Statistical concepts and methods for data analysis.
Machine Learning Algorithms:
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In-depth knowledge of various machine learning algorithms: Supervised learning algorithms (e.g., linear regression, decision trees, support vector machines), unsupervised learning algorithms (e.g., k-means clustering, hierarchical clustering, dimensionality reduction), ensemble methods (e.g., random forests, boosting).
Deep Learning:
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Understanding of deep learning architectures and frameworks: Neural networks, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch.
Feature Engineering:
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Creating relevant features from raw data for model training.
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Handling categorical variables and encoding techniques.
Model Evaluation and Hyperparameter Tuning:
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Selecting appropriate evaluation metrics for different types of models.
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Hyperparameter tuning to optimize model performance.
Data Preprocessing:
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Cleaning and preprocessing raw data.
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Dealing with missing data and outliers.
Model Deployment:
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Deploying machine learning models into production environments.
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Understanding containerization (e.g., Docker) and model serving frameworks.
Version Control/Git:
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Proficiency in using version control systems (e.g., Git) for collaborative work.
Cloud Platforms:
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Familiarity with cloud platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) for scalable and distributed computing.
Natural Language Processing (NLP):
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Understanding of NLP techniques for text data analysis.
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Working with libraries like NLTK or spaCy.
Reinforcement Learning (Optional):
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Basic knowledge of reinforcement learning concepts for dynamic decision-making systems.
Big Data Technologies:
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Familiarity with big data tools and frameworks: Apache Hadoop, Apache Spark.
Model Interpretability and Explainability:
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Techniques to interpret and explain model predictions.
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Addressing bias and fairness in machine learning models.
Collaborative and Communication Skills:
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Collaborating with cross-functional teams.
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Effectively communicating machine learning concepts and results to non-technical stakeholders.
Continuous Learning:
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Staying updated with the latest developments in machine learning.
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Engaging with the machine learning community, attending conferences, and participating in online forums.
Ethics in Machine Learning:
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Awareness of ethical considerations in machine learning.
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Addressing bias and fairness issues in models.
Big Data Engineer
Distributed Systems Concepts:
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Understanding of distributed computing principles.
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Knowledge of data partitioning, replication, and fault tolerance.
Programming Languages:
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Proficiency in programming languages commonly used in big data engineering: Java, Scala, Python.
Big Data Technologies:
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Familiarity with major big data frameworks and technologies: Apache Hadoop (HDFS, MapReduce), Apache Spark, Apache Flink, Apache Kafka.
Data Modeling:
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Designing and implementing data models for big data systems.
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Schema design for distributed databases.
ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) Processes:
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Developing ETL processes for data integration.
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Handling large-scale data transformation and cleansing.
Data Storage Solutions:
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Knowledge of various data storage solutions for big data: Apache HBase, Apache Cassandra, Amazon S3.
Database Management:
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Understanding of NoSQL databases and their use cases.
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Proficiency in SQL for querying and managing data.
Cloud Platforms:
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Familiarity with cloud platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) for big data processing and storage.
Data Ingestion:
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Techniques for efficiently ingesting data into big data systems.
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Integration with external data sources.
Stream Processing:
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Understanding of stream processing concepts.
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Familiarity with Apache Kafka Streams or Apache Flink for real-time data processing.
Data Security:
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Awareness of data security considerations in big data systems.
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Implementing access controls and encryption.
Workflow Orchestration:
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Using tools like Apache Airflow for orchestrating data workflows.
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Managing dependencies and scheduling tasks.
Data Quality and Governance:
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Ensuring data quality in big data systems.
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Implementing data governance practices.
Containerization and Orchestration:
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Understanding containerization (e.g., Docker) for packaging applications.
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Orchestration tools like Kubernetes for managing containerized applications.
Version Control/Git:
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Proficiency in using version control systems (e.g., Git) for collaborative work.
Data Compression and Serialization:
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Techniques for data compression and serialization in big data systems.
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Optimizing data storage and transmission.
Monitoring and Logging:
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Implementing monitoring solutions for big data clusters.
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Logging and debugging in distributed systems.
Continuous Learning:
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Staying updated with the latest big data technologies and best practices.
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Engaging with the big data engineering community, attending conferences, and participating in online forums.
Data Engineer
Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS):
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Proficiency in working with relational databases.
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Understanding of SQL for querying and managing data.
NoSQL Databases:
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Familiarity with various NoSQL databases like MongoDB, Cassandra, or Couchbase.
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Knowledge of when to use NoSQL databases based on data requirements.
Data Modeling:
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Designing and implementing data models for databases.
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Understanding of normalization and denormalization.
ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) Processes:
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Developing ETL processes for moving and transforming data.
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Implementing data integration solutions.
Big Data Technologies:
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Familiarity with big data frameworks and technologies: Apache Hadoop (HDFS, MapReduce), Apache Spark, Apache Kafka, HBase.
Programming Languages:
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Proficiency in programming languages commonly used in data engineering: Python, Java, Scala.
Cloud Platforms:
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Understanding of cloud platforms (e.g., AWS, Azure, Google Cloud) for data storage and processing.
Data Warehousing:
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Knowledge of data warehousing concepts and technologies.
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Familiarity with tools like Amazon Redshift, Google BigQuery.
Schema Design:
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Designing database schemas for optimal performance.
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Handling schema evolution in data pipelines.
Stream Processing:
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Understanding of stream processing concepts.
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Familiarity with Apache Kafka Streams or Apache Flink for real-time data processing.
Data Ingestion:
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Techniques for efficiently ingesting data into data systems.
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Integration with external data sources.
Data Quality and Governance:
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Ensuring data quality in data pipelines.
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Implementing data governance practices.
Workflow Orchestration:
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Using tools like Apache Airflow for orchestrating data workflows.
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Managing dependencies and scheduling tasks.
Version Control/Git:
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Proficiency in using version control systems (e.g., Git) for collaborative work.
Containerization and Orchestration:
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Understanding containerization (e.g., Docker) for packaging applications.
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Orchestration tools like Kubernetes for managing containerized applications.
Data Compression and Serialization:
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Techniques for data compression and serialization in data systems.
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Optimizing data storage and transmission.
Monitoring and Logging:
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Implementing monitoring solutions for data pipelines.
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Logging and debugging in distributed systems.
Continuous Learning:
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Staying updated with the latest data technologies and best practices.
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Engaging with the data engineering community, attending conferences, and participating in online forums.